President of Madagascar
Filohan'i Madagasikara (Malagasy)
Président de Madagascar (French)
Presidential Standard
Incumbent
Andry Rajoelina
since 16 December 2023
StylePresident
His Excellency
ResidenceIavoloha Palace
Term length5 years, renewable once
Inaugural holderPhilibert Tsiranana
Formation1 May 1959

This is a list of presidents of Madagascar, since the establishment of the office of President in 1959, during the Malagasy Republic.

Term limits

As of 2021, there is a two-term limit for the president in the Constitution of Madagascar. The term limit has not been met by any president yet.[1]

List of officeholders

Political parties
  National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD)
  Hery Vaovao ho an'i Madagasikara (HVM)
Other factions
Status
  Denotes Acting President
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Elected Term of office Political party Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
Malagasy Republic (within the French Community)
— Philibert Tsiranana
(1912–1978)		 — 1 May 1959 26 June 1960 1 year, 56 days PSD Position abolished
Malagasy Republic (independent country)
1 Philibert Tsiranana
(1912–1978)		 1965
1972		 26 June 1960 11 October 1972
(resigned.)[lower-alpha 1]		 12 years, 107 days PSD Ramanantsoa
2 Gabriel Ramanantsoa
(1906–1979)[lower-alpha 2]		 1972
(referendum)		 11 October 1972 5 February 1975
(resigned.)		 2 years, 117 days Military Himself
— Richard Ratsimandrava
(1931–1975)[lower-alpha 2]		 — 5 February 1975 11 February 1975
(assassinated.)		 6 days Military Position abolished
— Gilles Andriamahazo
(1919–1989)[lower-alpha 3]		 — 12 February 1975 15 June 1975 123 days Military
— Didier Ratsiraka
(1936–2021)[lower-alpha 4]		 — 15 June 1975 30 December 1975 198 days Military
Democratic Republic of Madagascar
3 Didier Ratsiraka
(1936–2021)[lower-alpha 5]		 1982
1989		 30 December 1975 12 January 1992 16 years, 13 days Military /
AREMA		 Rakotomalala
Rakotoniaina
Rakotoarijaona
Ramahatra
Razanamasy
Third Republic of Madagascar
3 Didier Ratsiraka
(1936–2021)		 — 12 January 1992 27 March 1993 1 year, 74 days AREMA Razanamasy
4 Albert Zafy
(1927–2017)		 1992–93 27 March 1993 5 September 1996
(resigned.)		 3 years, 162 days UNDD Razanamasy
Ravony
Rakotovahiny
Ratsirahonana
— Norbert Ratsirahonana
(born 1938)		 — 5 September 1996 9 February 1997 157 days AVI Himself
5 Didier Ratsiraka
(1936–2021)		 1996 9 February 1997 (25 February 2002)[lower-alpha 6]
5 July 2002		 5 years, 146 days AREMA Ratsirahonana
Rakotomavo
Andrianarivo
Rasolondraibe
6 Marc Ravalomanana
(born 1949)		 2001
2006		 (22 February 2002)[lower-alpha 7]
5 July 2002		 17 March 2009
(deposed.)		 6 years, 255 days TIM Sylla
Rabemananjara
— Hyppolite Ramaroson
(born 1951)[lower-alpha 8]		 — 17 March 2009 Several hours Military Position vacant
High Transitional Authority
— Andry Rajoelina
(born 1974)		 — (7 February 2009)
17 March 2009		 25 January 2014 4 years, 314 days TGV Roindefo
Mangalaza
Manorohanta
Vital
Beriziky
Fourth Republic of Madagascar
7 Hery Rajaonarimampianina
(born 1958)		 2013 25 January 2014 7 September 2018 4 years, 225 days HVM Beriziky
Kolo
Ranelonarivo
Solonandrasana
Ntsay
— Rivo Rakotovao
(born 1960)		 — 7 September 2018 19 January 2019 134 days HVM Ntsay
8 Andry Rajoelina
(born 1974)		 2018 19 January 2019 9 September 2023 4 years, 233 days TGV Ntsay
— Council of Ministers
Prime Minister:
Christian Ntsay
(born 1961)		 — 9 September 2023 27 October 2023 48 days Independent Himself
— Richard Ravalomanana
(born 1959)		 — 27 October 2023 16 December 2023 50 days Independent Ntsay
8 Andry Rajoelina
(born 1974)		 2023 16 December 2023 Incumbent 30 days TGV Ntsay

Timeline

Richard RavalomananaChristian NtsayRivo RakotovaoHery RajaonarimampianinaAndry RajoelinaHyppolite RamarosonMarc RavalomananaNorbert RatsirahonanaAlbert ZafyDidier RatsirakaGilles AndriamahazoRichard RatsimandravaGabriel RamanantsoaPhilibert Tsiranana

Term of office in years

This is a list of each president (excluding acting presidents) in order of term length.

Of the 7 people that has served as president, only two, Didier Ratsiraka and Andry Rajoelina, served in non consecutive periods.

Rank President Political party Longest continuous term Total time in office Periods
1 Didier Ratsiraka Military/AREMA 17 years, 285 days 23 years, 66 days 2
2 Philibert Tsiranana PSD 13 years, 163 days 13 years, 163 days 1
3 Andry Rajoelina TGV 4 years, 314 days 9 years, 212 days 3
4 Marc Ravalomanana TIM 6 years, 255 days 6 years, 255 days 1
5 Hery Rajaonarimampianina HVM 4 years, 225 days 4 years, 225 days 1
6 Albert Zafy UNDD 3 years, 162 days 3 years, 162 days 1
7 Gabriel Ramanantsoa Military 2 years, 117 days 2 years, 117 days 1

Latest election

CandidatePartyFirst roundSecond round
Votes%Votes%
Andry RajoelinaYoung Malagasies Determined1,954,02339.232,586,93855.66
Marc RavalomananaTiako I Madagasikara1,760,83735.352,060,84744.34
Hery RajaonarimampianinaHery Vaovao ho an'ny Madagasikara439,0708.82
Andre Christian Dieu Donne MailholGFFM63,3911.27
Joseph Martin RandriamampiononaTotal Refoundation of Madagascar57,9031.16
Ny Rado RafalimananaFOMBA57,4761.15
Andrianiaina Paul RabaryMIASA48,9800.98
Randriamanantsoa TaberaKINTANA48,7050.98
Haingo Andrianjakamalala RasolofonjoaAvotra ho an'ny firenena47,9320.96
Mamy Richard RadilofeRoso ho amin'ny Demokrasia Sosialy42,7480.86
Eliana BezazaSocial Democratic Party40,8820.82
Jean RavelonarivoAntokom-Bahoaka29,2240.59
Lalaoarisoa Marcellin AndriantsehenoTafajiaby28,2520.57
José Michel AndrianoelisonARO-RIAKA26,5720.53
Richard Razafy RakotofiringaSJIAM26,5340.53
Andriamparany Benjamin RadavidsonNational Unity, Freedom & Development25,4200.51
Saraha RabeharisoaLiberal Democratic Party23,6850.48
Olivier Mahafaly SolonandrasanaPARRAINAGE23,4370.47
Didier RatsirakaAssociation for the Rebirth of Madagascar22,2220.45
Roland RatsirakaMalagasy Tonga Saina21,3770.43
Serge Jovial ImbehAntoky ny Fivoaran'ny Malagasy18,9620.38
Zafimahaleo Dit Dama Mahaleo RasolofondraosoloManajary Vahoaka16,3670.33
Omer BerizikyAntsika Madagasikara15,3520.31
Jean Jacques RatsietisonFahefa-Mividy no Ilain'ny Malagasy15,2810.31
Erick Francis RajaonaryMalagasy Miray sy Mifankatia14,7580.30
Rivomanantsoa Orlando RobimananaMadagsikara Vina sy Fanantenana14,5610.29
Fanirisoa ErnaivoZAMA–PATRAM14,1170.28
Arlette RamarosonPARRAINAGE12,6450.25
Falimampionona RasolonjatovoFITAMBOLAGNELA/IAD12,2760.25
Jean Max RakotomamomjyLEADER-Fanilo11,3770.23
Rolland Jules EtienneMadagasikara Fivoarana10,7560.22
Bruno RabarihoelaFahazavan'i Madagasikara9,9810.20
Roseline Emma RasolovoahangyEzaka Mampandroso Antsika8,5780.17
Jean Louis ZafivaoGasy Mifankatia6,1620.12
Stephan NarisonAntoko Gasy Miara Mandroso5,6750.11
Solo Norbert RandriamorasataDemocratic Union of the Christians of Madagascar5,0860.10
Total4,980,604100.004,647,785100.00
Valid votes4,980,60492.794,647,78597.49
Invalid/blank votes386,9467.21119,5572.51
Total votes5,367,550100.004,767,342100.00
Registered voters/turnout9,949,08353.959,913,59948.09
Source: Constitutional Court (first round, second round)

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Stepped down amidst massive political protests, and handed over power to the military (after the referendum on military rule).
  2. 1 2 Styled as Head of State.
  3. ↑ Styled as Chairman of the National Military Leadership Committee.
  4. ↑ Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council.
  5. ↑ Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council until 4 January 1976.
  6. ↑ Based in Toamasina.
  7. ↑ Based in Antananarivo.
  8. ↑ Styled as Head of Military Directorate.

References

  1. ↑ Cook, Candace; Siegle, Joseph. "Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa". Africa Center for Strategic Studies.
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