Duchess of Courland
House of Kettler, 1561–1737
House of Biron, 1737–1740
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Benigna Gottliebe von Trotha genannt Treyden | Wilhelm von Trotha Truiden | 15 October 1703 | 25 February 1723 | June 1737 husband's election  | 
19 November 1740 husband exiled  | 
5 November 1782 | Ernst Johann von Biron | 
- Council of the Duke, 1740–58
 
House of Wettin, 1758–1763
- None, although Charles of Saxony was morganatically married with the Polish countess Franciszka Korwin-Krasińska.
 
House of Biron, 1763–1795
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]()  | 
Benigna Gottliebe von Trotha genannt Treyden | Wilhelm von Trohta Truiden | 15 October 1703 | 25 February 1723 | 1763 husband's restoration  | 
1769 husband abdication  | 
5 November 1782 | Ernst Johann von Biron | 
![]()  | 
Caroline of Waldeck and Pyrmont | Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (Waldeck-Pyrmont)  | 
14 August 1748 | 15 October 1765 | 1769 husband's restoration  | 
1772 divorce  | 
18 August 1782 | Peter von Biron | 
![]()  | 
Yevdokiya Borisovna Yusupova | Prince Boris Grigorievich Yusupov (Yusupov)  | 
16 May 1743 | 6 March 1774 | 1778 divorce  | 
19 July 1780 | ||
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Dorothea von Medem | Count Friedrich von Medem (Medem)  | 
3 February 1761 | 6 November 1779 | 28 March 1795 Duchy abolished  | 
20 August 1821 | ||
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